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Basic Usage of tmux

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tmux is a software that allows for nested terminals within a terminal. It can be installed and used on Ubuntu by running the command "sudo apt-get install tmux". The basic usage commands include creating and entering a new tmux instance, entering an existing instance, closing an instance, and renaming an instance. Once inside tmux, various commands can be used to split the screen and navigate between terminals. tmux is useful for running programs in the background, especially when connected to a remote server where interruptions may occur. By creating a tmux instance, running the program, and detaching from the instance, the program can continue running even if the connection is lost. The progress can be checked by reattaching to the tmux instance.

Content#

From a usage perspective, tmux is a terminal nested within a terminal. First, let's introduce the installation and basic usage of tmux, and then discuss specific usage scenarios.

Installation and Basic Usage of tmux#

tmux is a software. In Ubuntu, run sudo apt-get install tmux to install the software.

Basic commands for using tmux:

  • Before entering tmux:
    • tmux new -s <name>: Create and enter a new tmux session, specifying the name as <name>.
    • tmux a -t <name>: Enter an existing session named <name>.
    • tmux kill-session -t <name>: Close a session.
    • tmux rename-session -t <old-name> <new-name>: Rename a session.
  • After entering tmux:
    • tmux detach: Exit the current tmux session and run it in the background.
    • Press Ctrl+B, then press double quotation marks ": Split the screen vertically and create a new sub-terminal.
    • Press Ctrl+B, then press percent sign %: Split the screen horizontally and create a new sub-terminal.
    • Press Ctrl+B, then press any arrow key: Switch between sub-terminals.

Using tmux for Background Running#

tmux is very suitable for use when remotely connecting to a server. When we remotely connect to a server, we often cannot guarantee that a connection will exist for a long time (for example, network fluctuations may require reconnection). When we need to run a long-running program (for example, downloading a large file with wget), running it directly in the remote connection is prone to interruption. tmux can be used to solve this type of problem, and the method is simple.

  • First, create and enter a tmux session: tmux new -s <name>.
  • Run the program in this session.
  • Split the screen and create a sub-terminal (Ctrl+B + % or "), then enter tmux detach to suspend it in the background.
  • Check the progress by entering: tmux a -t <name>.

Ref#

Links:#

Notes:

  • Other system tools: [[1_zsh]]
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